Architectures - MPEG

  MPEG is a standard file format and set of compression algorithms, jointly developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) to handle video and audio. Patents for the technologies behind MPEG are held by several different companies and research departments. Technically, MPEG video is similar to JPEG, but is extended to handle motion efficiently. The various forms of MPEG are used for a wide range of video and audio applications, from desktop computer presentations and games to consumer DVD-Video players and satellite video systems.

MPEG VIDEO CODECS

 

 

Codec
(Primary Use)

Pros

Cons

MPEG-1
CD-ROM video at 1/4 resolution of television

Well-established standard; plays in software on most recent computers; best for medium-quality video

Poorly suited to full-resolution video; files generally too large for efficient web use

MPEG-2
Television-quality video

Excellent quality (generally better than LaserDisc); standardized in hardware for DVD-Video players

Generally requires specialized playback hardware; not playable on most machines built before 1998; high data rates (typically 400KByte/sec+) not well-suited for network use; licensing requires per-disc fees

MPEG-4
Internet video

Good quality at low data rates

Not well-suited to higher data rates; not fully defined yet

 

MPEG AUDIO CODECS

 

 

Codec
(Primary Use)

Pros

Cons

MPEG Layer I
CD-ROM audio

Oldest MPEG audio standard, so most widely supported

Generally inferior to Layer II, obsolete

MPEG Layer II
CD-ROM, DVD audio

Excellent audio quality

Requires high data rates, so not well suited to network applications

MPEG Layer III (MP3)
Moderately compressed music

More efficient at encoding smaller files than Layer II

Not well-suited to streaming at modem data rates